What is Penile Cancer?
Penile cancer is a rare type of cancer that starts on the skin or inside the tissues of the penis. Although it is uncommon, early detection can make a big difference. Most cases begin as small changes on the skin of the penis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), penile cancer is more common in some regions, but it can affect men anywhere. Knowing the signs and risk factors helps with early diagnosis and better outcomes.
Symptoms of Penile Cancer
Recognizing symptoms early is important. Many symptoms may seem mild at first. However, it is best to see a doctor if you notice any changes. Common symptoms of penile cancer include:A growth or sore on the penis that does not healChanges in color or thickness of the skinBleeding or discharge from the penisPain or swelling in the penisLumps under the skin or in the groin area
Sometimes, these signs may be caused by other conditions. Still, it is important to get checked by a healthcare provider.
Causes and Risk Factors
Doctors do not know the exact cause of penile cancer. However, several risk factors can increase your chances. For example, men who are not circumcised may have a higher risk. Other risk factors include:Human papillomavirus (HPV) infectionPoor personal hygieneSmoking tobaccoOlder age, especially over 60Having phimosis (tight foreskin)History of sexually transmitted infections
Reducing these risks can help lower your chances of developing penile cancer.
Diagnosis Methods
Early diagnosis of penile cancer leads to better treatment results. If you have symptoms, your doctor will start with a physical exam. Next, they may recommend tests such as:Biopsy: Removing a small piece of tissue to check for cancer cellsImaging tests: Ultrasound, MRI, or CT scans to see if cancer has spreadBlood tests: To check your overall health
After these tests, your doctor will discuss the results and next steps with you.
Treatment Options
Treatment for penile cancer depends on the stage and type of cancer. Your doctor will explain the best options for you. Common treatments include:Surgery: Removing the cancerous tissue or part of the penisRadiation therapy: Using high-energy rays to kill cancer cellsChemotherapy: Using drugs to destroy cancer cellsTopical treatments: Applying medicine directly to the skin for early-stage cancer
Sometimes, a combination of treatments is needed. Your healthcare team will support you through each step.
Prevention Tips
While you cannot prevent all cases of penile cancer, you can lower your risk. Consider these tips:Practice good personal hygieneGet vaccinated against HPVAvoid tobacco productsUse protection during sexual activitySee your doctor for regular check-ups
Early treatment of any penile changes can also help prevent cancer from developing or spreading.
Living with Penile Cancer
Living with penile cancer can be challenging. However, support is available. Many men feel worried or embarrassed, but talking to your doctor can help. You may also benefit from:Joining a support groupSpeaking with a counselorLearning about your treatment optionsStaying active and eating a healthy diet
Remember, you are not alone. Many people have faced similar challenges and found ways to cope.
Consult a healthcare specialist at Sepuri Kidney Centre for personalized advice about penile cancer.